
What Is Tokenization?
We explore what tokenization is, how it works, and how it's revolutionizing the way assets can be issued, managed, and traded.

We explore what tokenization is, how it works, and how it's revolutionizing the way assets can be issued, managed, and traded.

Layer-2 networks use a variety of technologies to address the scalability bottlenecks on layer-1 blockchains such as Ethereum.
DeFi
AFX Trade, a decentralized perpetuals exchange on Arbitrum that settles in the stablecoin USDC, was drained of $24.15 million on Wednesday in an exploit that hit a bridge the protocol operates, security firm Blockaid said. In a tweet, AFX said the exact attack vector remains under investigation. The on-chain money trail shows that the attacker bridged the stolen USDC to Ethereum and swapped it for 12,468 ETH, now sitting in a single wallet, PeckShield said. AFX is aware of an incident involving...
DeFi
Ostium lost roughly $18 million on Wednesday after attackers compromised an oracle signer key and manipulated the decentralized perpetuals exchange's price feed to generate fake trading profits, according to blockchain security firm Blockaid. In a post on X, Blockaid said the attacker used a registered PriceUpKeep forwarder and future-dated authorized oracle reports to create artificial trading profits, triggering the multi-million payout—in the form of the Circle-issued stablecoin USDC—from Ost...
Opinion
Morning Minute is a daily newsletter written by Tyler Warner. The analysis and opinions expressed are his own and do not necessarily reflect those of Decrypt. And check out our new daily news show covering all of the top stories in 5 minutes, downloadable on Apple Pod or Spotify. GM! Today’s top news: Crypto majors are very green as SOL jumps 10%; BTC +5% to $61.3k Venice AI announces $65M raise at $1B valuation, creating crypto’s newest unicorn Robinhood launches Robinhood Chain with tokenized...
Technology
LG Electronics developed its own layer-2 blockchain network in collaboration with Arbitrum to power a new digital advertising platform. The South Korean consumer electronics giant told Fortune that the Arbitrum-based network will serve as a platform for placing, buying, selling, and managing digital ads, eliminating traditional intermediaries in the advertising supply chain. LG completed a pilot program with a Japanese advertising agency and is now evaluating whether to bring the product to mark...
Coins
Arbitrum DAO delegates have signaled strong support for releasing roughly $70 million in frozen ETH toward a coordinated recovery effort for victims of the Kelp DAO rsETH exploit—but no funds have been approved for release, and no transfer has been authorized. Friday's vote was a Phase 1 temperature check on Snapshot, a non-binding sentiment poll that runs before any formal proposal is submitted under the Arbitrum DAO Constitution. It does not affect Arbitrum's governance contracts, the treasury...
Law and Order
A case making its way through a U.S. federal court could decide whether funds recovered after a hack can be diverted away from users. Aave is asking a federal court in New York to unblock about $71 million in crypto frozen on the Arbitrum network, arguing the money belongs to its users, not to a hacker that plaintiffs claim is tied to North Korea, setting up a clash between DeFi recovery efforts and creditors seeking to enforce long-standing judgments against the country. In a memorandum filed M...
DeFi
The Arbitrum Security Council has frozen 30,766 ETH worth $71.5 million allegedly linked to the KelpDAO exploit, moving the funds to an intermediary wallet. In a tweet, the council explained the “emergency action” was taken following law enforcement input about the exploiter's identity. Following the move, the funds are “no longer accessible to the address that originally held the funds,” the council said, adding that they can only be moved “by further action by Arbitrum governance, which will b...
Business
Publicly traded Ethereum treasury ETHZilla is now participating firsthand in the tokenization trend that some experts say define the future of Ethereum The firm, through a new wholly owned subsidiary called ETHZilla Aerospace, is offering tokenized access to equity in leased jet engines—that it acquired last week for around $12.2 million—via the Eurus Aero Token I deployed on the Arbitrum layer-2 network. "Offering a token backed by engines leased to one of the largest and most profitable U.S....
Business
Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev conceded his company’s recent foray into offering tokenized stocks has been contentious, to say the least—but remained steadfast in his commitment to expanding the initiative. “Being the first to actually tokenize those great companies is a big milestone,” Tenev told Decrypt in an interview Friday. “Of course, every time you're the first to do something interesting, it has some element of controversy.” Earlier this month, Robinhood rolled out a giveaway of tokens, issued...
Technology Guides
Traditional asset management is a laborious process. It often requires the involvement of numerous middlemen, including various state bodies and regulators. Assets such as stocks, bonds, property, or even land can often be prohibitively expensive and time-consuming to manage, putting them beyond the reach of the vast majority of the world’s population. What’s more, traditional asset management typically involves complex legal agreements and lots of paperwork, which makes it all very difficult to...
Markets
Decentralized lending startup Pencil Finance said Wednesday it has deployed $1 million in on-chain student loans, with funds directed to borrowers in the Philippines and Indonesia as part of a broader push to expand education financing in emerging markets. The initiative works by collecting funds from investors and placing them into structured loan tranches via smart contracts on EDU Chain, a Layer-3 blockchain built on Arbitrum Orbit for educational applications. Liquidity was initially provide...
Gaming
The flexibility of Arbitrum’s tech stack may be gaining traction on Wall Street through Robinhood and its stock tokenization push, but the Ethereum layer-2 scaling network’s qualities should eventually make it a go-to hub for game developers, according to Offchain Labs CEO Steven Goldfeder. In an interview, Goldfeder said that companies like Xai Games and Proof of Play are leveraging Arbitrum’s architecture to create custom blockchains for gaming, showcasing how the Nintendos of the world may on...
Business
OpenAI slammed an unauthorized attempt to tokenize its equity on Wednesday, following a reveal by trading platform Robinhood that it had listed digital stock tokens labeled as "OpenAI" and "SpaceX" earlier in the week. ChatGPT creator OpenAI pushed back on tokenization on Wednesday, following the reveal by trading platform Robinhood of OpenAI and SpaceX stock tokens on Monday. In a post on X, OpenAI said the tokens do not represent equity in the company and that it had no involvement in their la...
Gaming
Ubisoft is handing control to AI in its latest blockchain experiment, Captain Laserhawk: The G.A.M.E., launching a new text-based governance experience to the Ethereum-based game this week at ETHCC in Paris. In the game, AI agents tied to NFT-based characters don’t just exist—they vote, govern, and evolve based on player choices. Developed in partnership with French AI developer LibertAI, the latest Captain Laserhawk twist introduces AI-powered features to the existing NFT characters called Niji...
Business
Robinhood shares hit an all-time high on Monday after the trading platform unveiled tokenized stock trading for customers in Europe alongside its own blockchain network. Robinhood shares jumped 11.25% to $92.37 on Monday, according to Yahoo Finance. Year-to-date, the company’s stock has rallied 148% from $39 in January. The company said on Monday that users in Europe are now able to trade U.S.-listed stocks and exchange-traded funds on the Ethereum layer-2 scaling network Arbitrum as tokens, whi...
Business
Robinhood users in Europe are now able to trade U.S.-listed stocks and exchange-traded funds as tokens on Arbitrum, the Ethereum layer-2 scaling network, the company said in a press release published on Monday alongside a keynote event in France. They will also start gaining access to crypto perpetual futures, a form of derivatives supporting up to 3x leverage. With tokenized stock trading and crypto perpetual futures, Robinhood said its European app is becoming an “all-in-one investment app po...
Technology
Cryptocurrencies have failed to deliver on their promises, cryptography pioneer Adi Shamir suggested at the RSA Conference in San Francisco, California, on Tuesday. "My personal opinion is that the world would have been better without cryptocurrencies," he told attendees of an expert panel at the conference, per an initial report by The Register. Shamir, co-inventor of the RSA encryption algorithm, was unequivocal about his position. While praising Satoshi Nakamoto's seminal whitepaper on Bitco...
Gaming
The Karrat Foundation, which is linked to the battle royale game My Pet Hooligan, announced Thursday that it is collaborating with the Arbitrum Foundation to launch a gaming-focused chain called Studio Chain, which is aimed at fostering Web3-native capabilities in entertainment and video games. The collaboration places the KARRAT token at the forefront of the chain built with Arbitrum’s Ethereum layer-2 scaling tech, and makes My Pet Hooligan (MPH)—which is available via the Epic Games Store—the...
Coins
Tether has picked Layer 2 Ethereum protocol Arbitrum to provide the infrastructure for its new cross-chain initiative, Legacy Mesh. The news follows Tether’s launch of a new token, dubbed USDT0, in mid-January to facilitate smoother cross-chain transfers of USDT outside of blockchains that already support it. The aim was to do it without needing to use techniques like wrapping tokens or blockchain bridges. USDT0 is pegged one-to-one with Tether’s flagship stablecoin, USDT. It's currently the wor...
DeFi
Lobby Finance — a decentralized organization priding itself on “binging lobbyism to DAO governance” — just became the top Arbitrum (ARB) delegate. In what Arbitrum delegate Paulo Fonseca described on X, formerly Twitter, as “the biggest governance move to date,” Lobby Finance suddenly became the top delegate in Arbitrum’s decentralized autonomous organization (DAO). With a single on-chain transaction, Lobby Finance gained control over the voting power of 20.54 million ARB tokens. Arbitrum’s gove...